Adding or subtracting machine.



PATENTED APR. 19, I904.

J. H. MARTINI ADDING OR SUBTRAGTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 1, 1901.

N0 MODEL.

m: uomwgs wzrzns co.. PHOTD-LITHDV wAsume'roN, n. c.

No. 758,013. PATBNTBD APR. 19, 1904.

J. H. MARTIN.

ADDING OR SUBTRAGTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED we. 1. 1901. no MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Tn: Roar-us rb'zns co Pnoruumu, WASHINGTON. u. c.

No. 758,013. PATENTED APR. 19,1904. I J. H. MARTIN.

ADDING 0R SUBTRAGTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED we. 1, 1901.

30 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ma uonms PETER$ co. pnmaurnol, WASHINGTON, a. c.

PATENTED APR. 19, 1904.

7 J. H. MARTIN. ADDING 0R SUBTRAGTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1. 1901. no MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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UNITED STATES Patented April 19, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH H. MARTIN, OF ROANOKE, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO ROANOKE MATHOMETER COMPANY, OF RO- ANOKE, VIRGINIA, A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA.

I ADDING OR SUBTRACTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 758,013, dated April 19, 1904.

Application filed August 1, 1901.

To all whom, 711; may concern:

Be'it known that I, JosnrH H. MARTIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Roanoke, county ofRoanoke, State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding or Subtracting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a machine which will add or subtract any number of rows of figures. Its object is to provide a novel and improved device adapted for use alone for the purpose of adding and subtracting figures and printing the same and their totals or differ ences, or both, upon paper, or to be used in connection with any kind or description of type-writer for the purpose of furnishing the totals of sums or differences, or of both, of any figures or columns of figures written in series by the type-writer to which it maybe attached.

Having the foregoing object in view the invention consists of nine digit-keys and a cipher-key; ahorizontal spacing lever-bar actuated alike by any one of said keys; a second horizontal lever-bar actuated by each of the nine digit-keys to an extent proportionate to the unit value of said keys; a carriage upon which are mounted coaxially a series of receiving-wheels in number according to the number of rows of figures desired, which carriage is moved from right to left by means of the first lever above described, and the wheels mounted thereon are rotated by the second le ver actuated by each digit-key; a second carriage upon which are mounted coaxially a series of totalizing-wheels cogged to mesh with and in number equal to the receiving-wheels above referred to. This second carriage has a motion to and from the first carriage, whereby the totalizing-wheels engage and are released from the receiving-wheels. The movement of this carriage is accomplished by a third horizontal lever actuated by a long bar in front of the row of keys. Mounted upon 45 the second carriage and permanently engaging the totalizing-wheels are a series of sub.-

.tracting-wheels, which instead of the totalizing-wheels may engage the receiving-wheels, and upon the rotation of the receiving-wheels Serial No. 70,552. (No model.)

impart a motion to the totalizing-wheels opposite in direction to what they receive when engaged direct with the receiving-wheels. A device for locking the receiving-wheels in the position to which they are consecutively set for one row of figures by the digit-keys, for

' bringing the totalizing or subtracting wheels,

as desired, into engagement with the receiv-. ing-wheels, for locking these wheels into engagement for a short interval of time, for releasing the cog-wheels and conveying to the totalizing-wheels the motion imparted by the digit-keys, for returning the second carriage to its normalposition out of engagement with the first, for carrying upon the totalizingwheels the numbers from one to another as their sum or diiference passes the decimal, for printing upon a piece of paper the rows of figures into columns in the order registered on the receiving-wheels and their totals or differences. 7

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan View of the machine, certain parts being shown as broken away and in dotted lines; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, a vertical elevation taken immediately'in front of the spacing mechanism; Fig. 4, a vertical section taken as looking down from the top of Fig. 1 and on several different vertical planes of that figure; Fig. 5, an enlarged outer detail elevation of the totalizing mechanism seen at the right of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 a detail plan view of the mechanisms for actuating and locking the recording-carriage.

There are nine digit-keys 1 and one cipherkey 2; I provide two lever-bars 3 and 4, parallel to one another, moving through arcs of concentric circles and pivoted by the arms 5 and 6 on a common horizontal axis 7 in two vertical posts 7. The lever i is a spacing-lever actuated by any one of the ten keys, and the length of the are through which it moves is the same by whatever key actuated. The I other lever. 3, is actuated by any one of the nine digit-keys 1, but is not actuated by the movement of the cipher-key 2. The length of the are through which lever 3 moves varies in proportion to the numerical value of the digitkey which actuates 1t, varying from one-tenth of an inch for the numeral i 1 to nine-tenths of an inch for the numeral 9 7 or similar proportions of any other convenient length of stroke.

A carriage with a base 8, moving in front of and parallel to the levers 3 and 1, carries four or more wheels 9, (according to the nu mber of columns desired to be added or subtracted,) hereinafter termed receivingwheels, which are loosely centered upon a common axle at a distance apart equal to the distance desired between the several columns of figures as they are to be printed. This axle 10 is supported by two upright columns 11, rigidly attached to the base 8 of the carriage. The base 8 moves in four shoulders 12, which are rigidly attached to the base of the machine.

The receiving-wheels 9 are all identical in every particular, their peripheries being divided into two sections, the first of which subtends an angle not less than one hundred and I twenty degrees and is a plane surface, upon leased to this position.

which are to be engraved or mounted the type 9 for printing the cipher and the nine numerals, as shown in Fig. 1. The remaining portions of the peripheries are composed of teeth 13 of a uniform and convenient size, not less than twenty in number. A convenient thickness for the receiving-wheels would be oneeighth of an inch. Each of them is held in its initial position upon the common axis 10 by a spiral spring 14, one end of which is attached to the side of the wheel at the pin 15 and the other to the common axle 10, Fig. 1. in their initial position the wheels 9 are set as shown in Fig. 2, and the spring just described is intended to return them when re- There are two vertical posts 16, which are set directly in line with the posts 11 and which limit the movement of the carriage above described. On each of these posts, projecting outward and concentrio with the common axis 10 of the receivingwheels, are two pins 17, on which is centered a U-shaped lever 18, (shown in section in Fig. 1,) moving around the pins 17 a convenient distance outside of the peripheries of the receiving-wheels 9 and through an are equal in length to the first section 9 of the receivingwheels 9, above described. In this U-shaped lever is a ratchet 19, attached to the said lever by a spring 19 and working through a slot in the lever which engages one of the cogs 13 in the second section of the receirdngwheels 9 and revolves them downward or from the right to the left, as seen in Fig. 2. At the ends of the base of the U-shaped lever are two rollers 20, which move between the arms 21 of the forks 19 at the end of the arms 5.

The method of setting the receiving-wheels is as follows: The first wheel, 9, to the left in Fig. 1, in the normal position of the carriage at rest, is in its initial position engaged by the ratchet 19 in the U-shaped lever-bar 18. One

of the digitkeys being depressed the pin 22 thereon engagesthe shoulderof the lever-bar 3, running in front of all nine of the digit'keys, and depresses this lever-bar to an extent in proportion to the numerical value of the digitkey employed. As it is depressed the forks of the lever-bar 3 engage the rollers 20 and move the U-shaped bar 18 through an arc downward, Fig. 2, carrying with. it the wheel 9, thereby bringing into the position initially occupied by the cipher the numeral corresponding to the key depressed. The movement of the U-shaped lever 18 is governed by the position of the pin 22 on the shaft of the key employed. As the receiving wheel 9 moves from the right to the left, F ig. 2, it engages a ratchet 23, which holds it in the position to which the U-shaped bar has carried it. For each of these receiving-wheels there is a separate ratchet, all mounted on a common shaft 24, Fig. 1, directly under the shaft 10 and ending in the posts 11, rigidly attached to the base of carriage 8 and movable therewith. They are held in place upon the shaft by suitable springs 25, causing them to engage the cogs of the receiving-wheels. The U-shaped bar is carried back to its normal position when the key depressed is released by the forks 21 on the ends of the arms The arms 5 on the release of the key are carried back to their normal position by a coil-spring 26 on the axle 7.

The movement of the receiving-wheel is effected entirely by the engagement of the lever-bar 3 with the pin 22 when any one of the digit-keys is depressed. Before the pin 22 engages the bar 3 the lower end of the keyshaft engages the spacing lever-bar 1, Fig. 3. This bar serves to move the carriage on which the receiving-wheels are mounted from the right to the left in the following manner: The end 8 of the carriage 8 in its normal position, when the first wheel 9 engages the ratchet .19, rests against the post 16 at the top of Fig. 11, or to the left, holding the drawing so as to read the signatures. it is held in that position by means of a coil-spring 27. On the base of the carriage and lirmly attached thereto is a rack-bar 28, Fig. 3, the sloping sides of its teeth being to the left, the vertical side to the right. 1V hen the spacing-lever bar 4 is depressed by the full stroke of any one of the digit-keys or of the cipher-key, the bar 29 by means of the bell-joint at 30 and the lever 31, Figs. 2 and 3, is carried from (a to 1/, Fig. 3, and the pin shown at (6 falls behind the shoulder at 6, the swell at 32 having passed over one of the four shoulders 1.2. \Vhen the key is released, the coil-spring 27 upon the axis 7, to which the spacing-lever 4: is rigidly attached, throws the lever-lauback into its normal position, raises the lever, moves the bell-joint 30, draws the bar 29 back to the position shown in Fig. 3, which brings the carriage the distance between the shoulders (I, I1.

The pin a then rises out of contact with the shoulder; but the carriage is held in position by the arm 34, which is a J -shaped lever hinged at and engages in any one of the shoulders of the rack-bar 29, as at a or Z), or at the ends of the rack-bar, as at 34, Fig. 3, according to the position of the carriage, holding the carriage in the position to which it was carried by the bar 29. By this motion the second receiving-wheel 9 is brought into contact with the ratchet 19. The depression of any other key repeats the process, carries the receivingwheel from the right to the left in proportion to the numerical value of the key depressed. The receiving-wheel is held in the position to which it is carried by the ratchet 23, and upon the release of the key the spacing lever-bar 4 rises to its normal position, thereby carrying the carriage again to the left and bringing thethird receiving-Wheel into engagement with the ratchet 19, Fig. 4, and so, according to the number of columns of figures to be used, up to the limit of the number of receiving-wheels in the machine. The entire row of receiving wheels, or so many of them as there are figures in the row of figures to be printed, has now been set to correspond with the numerals in the row of figures which is to be printed. To prevent the impetus of the stroke carrying the receiving-wheel too far, there is attached rigidly to the spacing lever-bar 4 a rod 35, which engages a notch in the lever 36 for a very-short period of time at the end of each stroke. This lever 36, revolving about a center 37, is rigidly attached to an axis 3Y, which is loosely centered in the sides of the post 16.

Directly under the ratchet 19 is a pawl 38, Figs. 2 and 4, which is rigidly attached to the axis just described, and thereby, With the le ver 36, forms a bell-crank, though not in a single plane. When the rod 35 at the end of the stroke of the spacing lever-bar 4 engages the notch 36, the end of the pawl 38 is thrown into contact with the cog of. the receivingwheel which is being set and prevents the continuation of its motion by reason of any impetus or force of the stroke.

The remaining portion of the machine will forconvenience be designated as the totalizingcarriage. This consists of the carriage proper, which has its base 39, with a seat 39 opposite one of the shoulders 12 of the base of the first carriage, moving in the four shoulders 40, its motion being at right angles to the motion of the carriage first described and to the line of the keys. Entirely separate from this carriage, but rigidly attached to-the base of the machine, is a vertical post 41 with a horizontal bar 42, with a rack 42 on the under side of the bar 42. The carriage is composed of the base 39 and two vertical posts 43, rigidly attached to said base. Inside of these posts is a U-shaped frame 44, Fig.5. This U-shaped frame moves around an axle 44, passing through its upper extremities at 44 and also through the posts 43. On this same axle are mounted or centered loosely a number of index-wheels 45, the number to correspond with the number of receiving-wheels in the carriage first above described, (shown in Fig. 1,) the units-wheel 45, the tens-wheel 45", the hundreds-wheel 45, and the thousands-wheel 45. These wheels must be of a thickness double that of the receiving-wheels. For one half of their thickness their peripheries are to be cogged with cogs of the size of the cogs 13 on the receiving-wheels and thirty in number. The other half of the thickness of the periphery of the index-wheels are to be cylindrical surfaces, on which the index-figures are to be shown. The distance between the cogged portion of any two of these wheels is to correspond exactly to the distance between the receiving-wheels. These wheels are shown at 45, the cogged portion being to the right, the cylindrical surface to the left. The axis 46 runs only through the U-shaped frame. On this axis are centered loosely the same number of wheels corresponding exactly in size and description with the index-wheels, except that the half portion of the indexwheel with its periphery a cylindrical surface is supplied by a convenient-sized washer.

These wheels are mounted loosely on the'said shaft and are set to engage at all times the cogged portion of the index-wheels. Attached to the bottom of the U-shaped frame 44 at 47 are springs 48, the purpose of which is to lock the two sets of wheels and hold. them in position except when a force superior to it causes them to move. These lower wheels will be termed the subtractingwheels. 7,

Immediately to the right of each index and subtracting wheel (except the units-wheel 45) are levers 49 of a convenient thickness (in practice about one thirty-second of an inch) and having a swell 50 and a projection 51. These levers are loosely centered on a pin or rod 52, running underneath the subtractionwheels through the U-shaped frame 44 and parallel to the axis of said wheels. This rod is supplied with suitable washers to hold the levers 49 in place transversely. These levers 49 are each between two index-wheels, and the projection 51 is engaged by one of the three pins 55, Fig. 4, on the index-wheel immediately to the right. These pins are so placed as to form an equilateral triangle, the center of which is the center of the wheel, and one of them engages theprojection 51 on its lower side when the index-wheel reads 9 through a slot 56, Fig. 1, in a sight-frame 57. When the index-wheel reads zero through the slot 56, the pin 55 engages the upper side of the projection 51. These pins 55 are shown in section, Fig. 4, as cut off from the unit index-wheel. (Not shown.) At the ends of the levers 49 are arms 58, which are centered in running under the arms 58.

a pin 59, running through the lever 49. A shoulder or washer 60, Fig. 1, holds the arm 58 slightly to the left of the lever 49 and in the plane of the center of the eogged half of the index-wheels and of the subtracting-wheels. Attached rigidly to the U-shaped frame 44 is another U-shaped frame 61, which carries the wire springs 62, which lit in either of the notches 63 or 64 on the arm 59 to hold them in either position desired. A U-shaped wire 65 is fixed rigidly to the carriage-posts 43, To the levers 49 are attached precisely as are the arms 58 a second series of arms 66, which are held with their front ends downward by springs 67, Fig. 4. A rod 68,.passing through two horizontal bars 69, rigidly attached to the posts 43, limits the downward motion of the front end of these arms 66 by engaging their heels, Fig. 4. Through the horizontal bars 69 runs an axle 70, which carries a cogged wheel 71, engaging the cogs 42 on the arm 42. Opposite the right face of the tens index-wheel 45 and on this axle 70 is a flange or cam 72, opposite the right face of the hundreds indexwheel 45', and on this axle. 70 is a second flange or cam 7 3, but so set on the axle that the cogged wheel 71 in traveling one-third the length of the bar 42 will bring it into the position occupied by the flange 72 at the commencement of its trip. A third flange or cam 74 is on the axle 70, opposite the right face of the thousands index wheel 45, and is placed so that the cogged wheel 71 traveling the second third of its trip will bring the said flange 74 to the position occupied by 72 and 73 in succession.

Rigidly fixed to the base of the U-shapcd frame 44 and extending horizontally is a wire 75, with a shoulder 76 and a ring or handle 77, by means of which the U-shaped frame44 is moved on the axle 44. Two notches 78 and 79 in the base of the carriage 39 receive the shoulder 76 and limit the movement of this U-shaped frame 44.

Two upright posts 80 are rigidly attached to the base of the machine. Running between these is an axle 81, to which are rigidly attached two arms 82. Connecting these arms is a bar 83 in front of the keys. This bar is held in its normal position by a coil-spring 84. Attached to this axis is alever 85, which engages a sliding bar 86. The end 87 by force of the coil-spring 84 presses against the end of the frame 39 and keeps it in its normal position, which is as shown in Fig. 2; but the end 87 of the bar 86 is attached to the frame 39 by a short coil-spring 89, Fig. 2, which allows the contact to remain, and when the bar 83 is depressed the coil-spring moves the carriage forward, the contact between 39 and 87 remaining during the first part of the stroke. This contact continues until the carriage has been brought'so that the index-wheels (if the U-shaped frame be in vertical position) shall by their cogs engage the receiving-wl'leels or if the Ushaped frame be thrown outof a vertical position the subtraction-wheels by their cogs shall engage the receiving-wheels. This is the first part of the stroke upon the spacingbar 83. The continuation of the strokr releases the contact at 39 and 87, moves the bar backward, so that 87 is in the position 90, Fig. 6, allowing the tooth 91, Fig. 6, of the arm 92 on the post 93 to pass in front of the end 87 of the bar 86 and the teeth 92, Figs. 1 and 6, to engage the notch 94 or 95, Figs. 1 and 6, in the base 39 and hold the totalizingcarriage in position. This is the second portion of the stroke on the lever-bar 86. The tooth 92 engages the notch 94 when the subtracting-wheels are in contact or the notch 95 if the index-wheels are in contact. Tbelever 92 is centered at 93 and the tooth 91 held against the bar 86 by the spring 93, Fig. 6. At one end of the bar 83 is an arm 96, rigidly attached thereto. In the third and last part of the stroke upon the spacing-bar 83 this short arm 96 engages the end of the rod 97, which is L-shaped at its lower end. The rod has a vertical motion along the line of the post 16 in cufls suitably arranged to [ix its direction. The U-shaped wire 98 is centered at 99 in the post 16, which rests upon the upper surface of the ratchets 23, and in the last part of the stroke the arm 96 engages the end of the rod 97, which being depressed its heel 100 engages the extension 100, Fig. 1,, of this wire and, depressing it, releases the ratchet contacts with the receiving-wheels, their spiral springs 14 carrying them back to their initial position. The use of these parts is described as follows: The receivingwheels 9 having been set to indicate the fig ures in the first line to be printed and moving opposite the totalizing-earriage, as shown in Fig. 1, (or as many of said wheels as there are figures in the said line,) and the indexwheels being set at their initial position, with the rows of ciphers showing through slot 56, the totalizin g-carriage is in the position shown in Fig. 2. The U-shaped frame 44 is directly between the posts 43, the shoulder 76 of the wire 75 resting in the notch 79, the arms 58 and 66 are in their forward position, the wire 62 resting in the notch 64 on the arm 58, the lever 49 being in its forward position, the bar 83 being depressed, the bar 86 moves in a horizontal direction and by means of the tension of the spring 89 draws the totalizingcarriage with it. The index-wheels 45 en gage the receiving-w heels 9, the bar 86 continues to move, its end 87 passing the arm 91 of the lever 92 and allowing the tooth 92 of said lever to engage the notch 95 of the base 39 of the totalizing-carriage, thus locking the totalizing-carriage into engagement with the receiving-wheels. This is the second part of the stroke on the bar 83. ()n the third part of its stroke the shoulder 96 engages the end any one of the index-wheels.

of the rod 97, moving it downward through its slides in the post 16. Its heel 100 engages the extension 100 of the U-shaped wire 98, moves the U-shaped wire frame 98, depresses the ratchets 23, releases the receiving-wheels 9, which by their springs 14 are carried to their initial position, where they are stopped by the post 101 engaging the pin 102, Fig. 4. As these receiving-wheels revolve they carry with them the index-wheels, each index-wheel moving through the same units of are as the corresponding receiving-wheel, which is the same number of units as the several keys depressed. This registers on the index-wheels a row of figures corresponding to the keys first depressed. On-the release of the bar 83 the coil-spring 84 forces the arm 85 forward, moves the bar 86 horizontally, the end 87, passing the arm 91 of the lever 92, releases the tooth 92 from the notch 95 of the carriagebase 39, the end 87 of the bar 86 continues its motion, presses against the base 39 of the carriage, and returns it to its normal position. As the carriage returns 'to its initial position the pin 103, Figs. 1 and 4, in the post 43 passes the lever 104, turns the rod 105, fixed in a shoe to the base of the carriage, thereby raises the lever 106, rigidly attached to said rod, thereby lifting the end of the J-shaped lever 34, releasing the contact with the ratchet-bar 28, and the spring 107, Fig. 1, draws the carriage carrying the receivingwheels back to its normal position. This proceeding cannot register more than nine on Therefore the pins 55 did not in the motion of the indexwheels engage the projection 51 on the levers 49; but the levers 49 remain in their forward position. The second row of figures having been registered on the receiving-wheels by depressing the proper keys and the carriage carrying the receiving-wheels being thereby moved into position opposite the proper index-wheels, it is desired to add to the numbers first registered on the index-wheels the second row of figures now registered on the receiving-wheels. To do this, the bar 83 is depressed, the totalizing-carriage is brought into contact and locked in position, the indexwlieels engaging the receiving-wheels, the ratchets 23 are depressed, the wheels 9 are released, the springs 14 return them to their initial position, carrying with them the several index-wheels engaged. If the sum of the two figures indicated on any index-wheel has thus exceeded nine, the pin 55 has passed the projection 51 on the lever-49 and forced the lever into its backward position, the spring 62 engaging the notch 63 in the arm 58. As the totalizing-carriage returns to its normal position the cog-wheel 71, engaging the rack 42, turns the axle 70. The flange 73 then engages the swell 50 of the lever 49, if that lever has been drawn backward, and moves this lever forward, carrying the tens index-wheel one unit farther than already carried. If the registering on the tens-wheel has already exceeded nine, or if this carrying one from the units-wheel causes it to exceed nine, then the pin 55 on the indexwheel 45" has thrown back the second lever 49 to its rear position, and as the carriage continues to move backward the flange 73 engages the swell 50 of the lever 49, moves it forward and by the operation of the arm 58 moves the hundreds-wheel 45' forward, increasing the numeral indexed thereon by one unit. The same proceeding will apply to the thousands-wheel as the carriage continues through the last part of its motion to the rear. As the carriage returns to the normal position it releases the \J-shaped bar 34, which by its weight bearing on the arm 106, pressed downward by the spring 108, and the carriage carrying the receiving-wheel returns to its normal position. If then it is desired to subtract from the two rows of figures now added on the index-wheel a third row of figures, the said third row of figures is registered on the receiving-wheels, as described, the U-shaped arm 44 is moved forward by pressing the wire 75, the shoulder 76 of said wire resting in the notch 78. As the frame moves forward the arms 58 bearupon the U-shaped wire 65 and are raised out of any possible contact with the index-wheel. At the same time the heels of the arms 66 continue to bear against the rod 68 by the springs 67, and as the U-shaped frame 44 moves outward the points of the arms 66 fall into the cogs of the subtracting-wheels. The lever 83 being depressed, the horizontal bar 86 moves to the right, drawing the carriage by the tension of the spring 89. The subtracting-wheels engage the receiving-wheels, the tooth 92 of the arm 92 now looks in the notch 94, locking the subtracting and receiving wheels to close engagement. Upon the release of the ratchets 23 the receiving-wheels return to their initial position, carrying with them the index-wheels, which, through the subtracting-wheels, have imparted to them a motion the reverse of that which results from direct contact, thus decreasing the numerals registered on each index-wheel by the numeral last registered on the receiving-wheels, which are the numerals making up the third row of figures. If in this process the numeral on the units indexwheel is decreased passing from 0 to 9, the pin 55 engages the upper side of the projection 51 and forces the lever 49 back into its lower position. As the carriage moves toward the normal position the flange 73 on the revolving rod engages the swell 50 of the lever 49, pushes the lever forward, causing the point of the arm 66 to engage the subtracting-wheel in the tens-column, moving it up one point, thereby subtracting one from the numeral indicated on the index tens-wheel 45. The process of carrying the subtracting decimal from the tens to the hundreds and the hundreds to the thousands follows exactly as described for the same purpose in addition.

As the totalizing-carriage moves to the normal position the pin 103 passing the ratchet 104 raises the arm 106, thereby raising the J- shaped lever 34, releasing the carriage carrying the receiving-whcels. Unless the end 3 1 of the d-shaped lever 34 was supported, the said lever would again fall into position, engaging the notch Z) of the rack 28 and arresting the return motion of the carriage carrying the receiving-wheels. To prevent this, a lever 109, Fig. 3, is hinged on a shoe 110, attached to the base of the machine. A spring 111 gives it a motion to the left, as shown in Fig. 3. This lever carries a small heel 112, which upon the lifting of the J-shaped bar 34 engages the under side of its longer arm and holds it out of engagement with the rack-bar until the base of the carriage 8, pressing against the upper end of the lever 109, releases the J-shaped bar and itfalls into its position.

The last portion of the machine to be described is the printing device. This consists of two arms 113, centered on the axle 7 and running through, the one arm 113 between keys 3 and 1, the other arm 113 between keys 5 and 6. Connecting these arms is a bar 114, near their middle. On this bar is a flange 115, which engages the end of a lever 116, rigidly attached to the axle 81. To the forward end of the arms 113 is attached rigidly a frame consisting of two sides 11.7, between which move in close contact two rubber-covered rollers 118 and 119. On one end of the upper roller is a ratchet-wheel 120, Fig. 2, bearing against which is a spring 121, attached to the face of the frame carrying the keys. To the bottom 122 of the frame 122 to 121 is attached an arm 125, moving through the small arc of a horizontal circle. On the end of this arm is a sponge or rubber roller 126, adapted to receive and retain printers ink. At one end of the frame 117,carrying the two rollers 118 and 119, is a vertical rod 127. As the figures are recorded on the several receiving-wheels and the carriage moves to the left each of the ligurcs occupying the initial position pass under the roller and are inked by contact. The paper having been passed between the rollers 118 and 119 as the lever 83 is depressed, the arm 116 passes over the flange 115, carrying the printing-frame to a quick short contact with the receivingwheels. The arm 127 engaging the arm 125 moves the ink-roller 126-out of the way of the printing-frame 117. As the arm 116 passes over the flange 115 a spiral spring 128' on the axle7 returns the printingframe to its normal position, the end of the spring 121, engaging one of the teeth of the ratchet-wheel120, revolving the rollers and moving the paper to receive the next row of figures. The flange 115 on the bar 11 1 has a slight motion to the left, as shown in Fig. 1, is pressed to the right by the spring 128, and when the lever 83 returns to its normal position the arm 116 forces the flange 11.5 to the left, passes over it, and the spring returns the said flange to its normal position. The digitkeys 1 and the cipher-key 2 are in a straight row carried in a square frame consisting of a plate 124, two side plates 1.23, and a bottom plate 122. This frame is hinged by two pins 129 between two vertical posts 130, rigidly attached to the base of the machine. Each of the key-shafts passes through a circular hole in the upper part of the plate 121, and around each shaft is a spiral spring 131 to hold it in its normal position, the limit of which is iixed by a pin 132 bearing against the bottom side of the upper plate 12 1. Around each keyshaft between the upper and the lower plates of the frame is a slotted cylinder 133, slotted to engage the pins 22 and 132. Each key passes through a circular hole in the lower plate 122, and the face of the plate 122 opposite the center of the hole is slotted for the pin 22 to pass through. The entire frame 122 123 124; can be moved about the pins 129, so that all of the keys can move freely in the said. frame without engaging either the lever 3 or thelevere. The object of this is that the machine may be used in connection with an ordinary type-writer. It is to be attached under the type-writer used, so that the keys of the said machine are directly under or in their vertical motion directly connected with and engaged by the numeral-keys on the said type-writer. it is desired to use the numeral-keys on the type writer for any other purpose than printing figures to be added or subtracted, the frame 122 to 12 is moved around the pin 129, and the keys move 'l.reelyout .)f engage ment with any part of the zulding-maehinc. The frame moves forward and is locked by a small spring, so that the bottom of the key shafts engage the spacing-lever -'1, and any of the numeral-keys on the type-writer which may be depressed will make a corresponding register on the receiving-wheels, which can be added to or subtracted from, as desired. \Vhen the last row of figures has been added or sul tracted, the index wheels show the total, either in sum or difference. if then the numbers appearingon the index-wheels are registered on the receiving-wheels by striking the proper keys, the totalizing-carriagc being set for subtraction, upon 'u-cssing the lever-bar this row of figures is thereby printed on the paper and the index-wheels brought back to show a row of ciphers.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit-keys and a cipher-key, of a spacing-bar adapted to be moved on the operation of any of said keys, a movable carriage, a plurality of independent receivingwheels thereon each adapted for rotary movement without effect upon any other, and means for spacing said carriage from the spacing-bar on the operation thereof by a key.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit-keys and a cipher-key, of a spacing-bar adapted to be moved on the operation of any of said keys, a movable carriage, a plurality of independent receivingwheels thereon each adapted for rotary movement without effect upon any other, a leverbar adapted for movement by the digit-keys, a counting member operated by said leverbar, which is adapted to turn the receivingwheels when in operative conjunction therewith, and mechanism for spacing the carriage by the operation of the spacing-bar to bring the receiving-wheels successively into operative conjunction with the counting member.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit-keys and a cipher-key, of a spacing-bar adapted foroperationthereby, a movable carriage, receiving-wheels on said carriage, a rack on said carriage, means for holding the carriage wherever spaced, a spacing-lever operated by the spacing-bar and having a pin adapted to engage the teeth of the rack, and means for holding said spacinglever normally out of engagement with the rack and for causing its engagement therewith on the return movement of the spacingbar, and a means for retracting said bar.

- L. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit-keys and a cipher-key, of a spacing-bar operated thereby, a movable carriage, a plurality of independent receivingwheels thereon each adapted for rotary movement without effect upon any other, a leverbar adapted for movement by the digit-keys, a counting member operated by said leverbar, which is adapted to turn one of the receiving-wheels when in operative conjunction therewith, mechanism cooperating directly with the carriage for holding the carriage wherever spaced, and mechanism cooperating directly with the carriage for spacing the carriage by the operation of the spacing -bar which is adapted to become active after the receiving-wheel has been turned by the counting member, to space the carriage and bring the next adjacent receiving-wheel in position for turning by the counting member.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit-keys and a cipher-key, of a spacing-bar adapted for operation thereby, a movable carriage, receiving-wheels on said carriage, a rack on said carriage, means for holding the carriage wherever spaced, a reciprocatable spacing-lever, a bell-joint operated by the spacing-bar and connected to the reciprocatable spacing-lever, said spacinglever having a pin adapted to engage the teeth of the rack and being provided with a swell, and a shoulder on the machine on which the swell normally rests, whereby the spacing-lever is normally held out of engagement with the rack and permitted to engage with the rack and space the carriage on the return movement of the spacing-bar.

6. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a set of keys, of a movable carriage, a plurality of independent receivingwheels on said carriage each adapted for rotary movement without efiiect upon any other, a pivoted Ushaped'spring-actuated countingbar, a ratchet on said U-shaped counting-bar, means for operating said Ushaped countingbar from the keys according to their numerical values, means for holding the carriage wherever spaced, and means for spacing said carriage to bring the receiving-wheels successively into direct operative conjunction with the ratchet, whereby they may be directly turned by the ratchet on the movement of the counting-bar.

7. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit-keys and a cipher-key, of a spacing-bar having pivoted arms, a leverbar having pivoted arms and independent of the spacing-bar and adapted for operation by the digit-keys only in extent proportionate to their numerical values, springs for keeping said lever-bar and spacing-bar normally retracted, a movable carriage, receiving-wheels thereon adapted for independent turning, means for holding the carriage Wherever spaced, a spacing-lever operated from the spacing-bar, a rack on the carriage adapted for engagement by the spacing-lever, a U- shaped pivoted counting-bar having projections, forks on the lever-bar operated by the keys which receive said projections, whereby the said U-shaped counting-bar is moved with the lever-bar, and a ratchet on the U-shapcd bar which is placed in position to coact with the receiving-wheels as they are successively brought into position for engagement thereby by the spacing mechanism.

8. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a plurality of receivingwheels each adapted'for movement without effect on any other receiving-wheel, of a plurality of keys adapted for turning said receiving-wheels, independently, a distance in proportion to the numerical value of the keys,

and a normally inoperative bar adapted to engage with any receiving-wheel after it has been turned the predetermined distance to prevent the further turning thereof.

9. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a set of keys, of a spacingbar adapted for operation thereby, a movable carriage, independent receiving-wheels which are carried by the carriage, means for spacing the carriage by the operation of the spacing-bar and holding it where spaced, means for turning the receiving-wheels one at a time by the action of the keys according to the numerical Value thereof, a pawl adapted to engage with any receiving-wheel after it has been turned, to prevent too far turning thereof by the impetus of the counting mechanism, and means for throwing said pawl into action from the spacing mechanism.

10. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a plurality of movablekeys, of a lever-bar, a movable carriage, receivingwheels thereon, each adapted for movement without effect on any other receiving-wheel, means for turning the receiving-wheels, one at a time, by the movement of the lever-bar, pins on the said keys which are adapted to engage the lever-bar on the depression of the keys, to actuate said bar, stop devices on the keys to limit their movement when depressed, said pins on the respective keys being disposed at varying distances from the lever-bar, whereby each key will be adapted to depress said lever-bar only in proportion to the numerical value of the key, to induce a proportional turning of the wheels to bring them into a predetermined position, and means for retaining the wheels in the positions to which they are respectively turned.

11. In a machine of the class described, a plurality of receiving-wheels independently rotatable without effect on each other bearing indicia and having cogs, independent springs for returning the wheels independently to normal position, stops to arrest the return motion of the wheels when normal position is reached and key connections for turning the wheels independently and successively.

12. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a plurality of receivingwheels adapted for independent movement, of a set of operating-keys therefor, and a totalizing device comprising adding mechanism for operation by the receiving-wheels to take the record from the receiving-wheels, and a subtracting device adapted for operation by the receiving-wheels and for operating the adding device to subtract from the latter.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a plurality of receivingwheels adapted for independent movement, of a totalizing device comprising a plurality of index-wheels bearing indicia and constituting an adding-register, and a plurality of subtracting wheels meshing with the addingwheels and constituting therewith a subtracting-register, and means for causing the operation of either the adding or subtracting wheels by the receiving-wheels.

14. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a plurality of receivingwheels adapted for independent movement, of a totalizing device comprising a pivoted frame, a plurality of index-wheels carried thereby bearing indicia and constituting an addingregister, and apluralityof subtracting-wheels meshing with the, adding-wheels and carried by the pivoted frame, and means for shifting the pivoted frame and holding it where posi-.

tioned, with either the index or subtracting wheels adapted to mesh with the receivingwheels to cause the operation thereof by the said receiving-wheels.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a plurality of receivingwheels adapted for independent movement, of independent springs for turning said receiving-wheels back to normal position, keys for operating the receiving-heels, locking devices for securing said wheels against rotation by the springs where they are turned, means for simultaneously disengaging said locking mechanisms whereby the receivingwheels may be retracted by their s in'ings, and a totalizing device comprising a plurality of index-wheels bearing indicia which are adapted to be engaged by the receiving-wheels, whereby the said index-wheels will be turned by the receiving-wheels on the retraction thereof by the s iirings actuating the same.

16. In a machine of the class described, a totalizing mechanism comprising two sets of intergeared wheels, the individual wheels of each set being independent, transfer-levers having projections, two pawls on each transfer-lever, the one adapted for engagement with an index-wheel and the other for engagement with a corresponding subtraeting-wheel, pins on the index-wheels which are adapted to engage with the projections on the transfer-levers whose pawls are arranged to engage the wheels of a higher denomination, means for causing either set of pawls to be inoperath 'e while the other set is operative, and means for actuating said levers in succession, in opposition to the movement induced therein by the pins.

17. In a machine of the class described, a totalizing mechanism comprising a movable frame adapted to be held in two different positions, two sets of intergeared wheels carried by said frame, the individual wheels of each set being independent, transfer-levers having projections, two pawls on each transfer-lever, the one adapted for engagement with an index-wheel, and the other for engagement with a corresponding subtracting-wheel, pins on the index-wheels which are adapted to engage with the projections on the levers whose pawls are arranged to engage the adjoining wheels of a higher denomination, and independent disengaging-bars for the two sets of pawls, one bar being adapted to cause the disengagement of one set of pawls from their wheel when the frame is moved to one position, while the other set of pawls remains operative, and the other disengagingbar being adapted, similarly, to disengage its set of )awls while the other )awls remain operative,

when the frame is moved to the other posi tion.

18. In a machine of the class described, a totalizing device comprising a plurality of index-wheels having indicia and provided with pins, transfer-levers having pawls, said levers being adapted for engagement with the pins to set them and the pawls being adapted for engagement with the adjoining index-wheels, said pawls being provided with notches at different points, and springs having one portion permanently secured and their free portion adapted to engage either of the notches to hold the levers and pawls temporarily at the limits of their movements.

19. In a machine of the classdescribed, a totalizing device comprising a movable carriage, a set of index-wheels having indicia and provided with pins, carried by the carriage, transfer-levers having pawls, said levers being adapted for engagement by the pins and the pawls adapted to engage the ad joining wheels, a rotary shaft having a flange for each transfer-lever, said flanges being arranged to wipe against the levers in succession, a pinion on said shaft, and a stationary rack with which the pinion meshes, whereby the movement of the carriage induces a rotary movement in the shaft and an independent shifting of the transfer-lever.

20. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a movable carriage and a totalizing device carried thereby, of an operating mechanism for shifting said carriage,

and a resilient connection between the carriage and the operating mechanism.

21. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a movable carriage, and a totalizing device carried thereby, of an operating mechanism for moving the carriage, a spring connecting the carriage with said operating mechanism, anda bar attached to the operating mechanism and normally forming an abutment for the carriage, said carriage and bar being thus normally held in abutment with each other by the action of the spring, means for arresting the movement of the carriage so that it will thereafter be out of abutment with the bar and only operated by the spring, and another spring acting in opposition to the spring first named which is adapted to cause the return of the carriage to normal position through the intervention of the said bar.

22. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a movable carriage and a totalizing device carried thereby, of a bar, a spring connecting the carriage with the bar, and a lock adapted to secure the carriage at a predetermined point after movement.

23. In amachine of the class described, the combination with a movable carriage and a totalizing device carried thereby, of an operating mechanism for moving the carriage, a

spring connecting the carriage with said operating mechanism, and a bar connected to the operating mechanism and normally forming an abutment for the carriage, said carriage and bar being thus normally held in abutment with each other by the action of the spring,

aspring-actuated lever adapted to engage and lock the carriage when it reaches a predetermined position, said lever having a tooth upon which the passing of the end of the bar permits the locking of the carriage thereby, and a spring acting in opposition to the spring first named which is adapted to cause the re turn of the carriage to normal position through c the intervention of the bar.

24. In a machine of the class described, the combination with receiving-wheels, and keys adapted for operating them, of a movable carriage, totalizing-wheels carried thereby, operating mechanism for moving the carriage, a spring connecting the carriage with the said operating mechanism, said carriage being adapted to. be moved to cause the engagement of the totalizing-wheels with the receivingwheels, and a locking device serving to insure the proper engagement of the two sets of wheels, and means for causing the return of the carriage to normal position. i

25. In a machine of the class described, the

combination with receiving-wheels, and keys adapted for operating them, of a movable carriage, totalizing-wheels carried thereby, operating mechanism for moving the carriage, a spring connecting the carriage with said operating mechanism, a bar connected to the operating mechanism and normally forming an abutment for the carriage, said carriage and bar being thus normally held in abutment with each other by the action of the spring, a springactuated lever adapted to engage and lock the carriage when the totalizing-wheels are in engagement with the receiving-wheels, said lever having means for engaging the bar after it has separated from the carriage, said bar being adapted to push the lever out of'engagement with the carriage on the return of the former to normal position, and means for returning the carriage to normal position.'

26. In a machine of the class described, the combination with spring-actuated receivingwheels and keys for operating said wheels independently, of independent ratchets for looking the Wheels where turned, a movable carriage, totalizing-wheels carried thereby,means for moving the carriage to bring the totalizing-wheels intoengagement with the receiving-Wheels, means for locking the totalizing and receiving wheels in this engagement, and means for automatically unlocking the ratchets after the engagement aforesaid, whereby the receiving-wheels will retract automatically and impart a corresponding rotation to the totalizing-wheels.

27. In a machine of the class described, the combination with spring-retracted receivingwheels, and keys for operating said wheels, independently, of independent ratchets for locking the wheels where turned, a movable carriage, totalizing-wheels carried thereby, a pivoted spring-retracted frame, an arm rigidly attached thereto, a bar moving with the said arm, a coil-spring connecting the said bar and carriage and keeping the end of the bar normally abutting the carriage, said totalizing-wheels being adapted for engagement with the receiving-wheels, a rod adapted for simultaneously disengaging the ratchets from the receiving-Wheels, a second slidable rod engaging the aforesaid rod, means for locking the receiving and totalizing wheels into en gagement, said pivoted spring-retracted frame being adapted on its initial movement to bring the totalizing-wheels and receiving-wheels into engagement with the bar abutting the movable carriage, and adapted by its further movement to separate the bar from the carriage and permit the locking of the totalizing and receiving wheels into engagement, and adapted on its further movement, permitted by the extension of the spring, to depress the rod last named to actuate the rod first named and thereby release the ratchets and allow the receivingwheels to be retracted by their springs and turn the totalizing-wheels.

28. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a movable carriage and receiving-wheels carried thereby, of keys for operating the wheels and the carriage aforesaid, spring mechanism for returning the said carriage to normal position, when released, mechanism for locking said carriage where positioned, a totalizing-carriage movable toward and away from the receiving-wheels aforesaid and adapted, on its return movement, to release the locking mechanism of the first-named carriage, whereupon the spring mechanism will return the carriage first named to its normal position.

29. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a movable carriage, means for spacing the carriage, and means for re turning it to normal position, of mechanism for locking and unlocking the carriage wherever positioned, consisting of a pivoted lever adapted to engage the carriage and lock it Wherever positioned, a spring-retracted arm adapted to cause the disengagement of the pivoted lever from the carriage when operated, and a ratchet having an idle movement in one direction and adapted to positively engage and actuate the arm when moved in the other direction, thereby releasing the carriage.

30. In amachine of the class described, the combination with a movable carriage, means for spacing the carriage and means for returning it to normal position, of mechanism for locking and unlocking the carriage wherever positioned, consisting of a pivoted lever adapted to engage the carriage and lock it Wherever positioned, means for moving said lever to cause its disengagement from the carriage, and a spring-actuated sustaining lever adapted to engage the locking-lever after it has been raised and hold it disengaged from the carriage until the said sustaining lever is tripped by the return of the carriagm.

31. In amachine of the class described, the combination with a movable carriage, means for spacing the carriage and means for returning it to normal position, of mechanism for locking and unlocking the carriage wherever positioned consisting of a pivoted lever adapted to engage the carriage and lock it wherever positioned, a spring-retracted arm adapted to cause the disengagement of the lever from the carriage when operated, a ratchet having an idle movement in one direction and adapted to positively engage and actuate the arm when moved in the other direction, and a spring-actuated sustaininglever adapted to engage the lockinglever after it has raised and hold it disengaged from the carriage until said sustaining-lever is tripped by the return, of the carriage.

32. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a frame and receiving mechanism thereon, of a second frame hinged to the frame aforesaid, operating-keys carried by the second or hinged frame and normally adapted to cooperate with the recording mechanism aforesaid, said cooperation ceasing when the hinged frame is turned from normal position.

33. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a set of keys, of a movable carriage, receiving-wheels on said carriage, a pivoted U-shaped spring-actuated countingbar, means for operating said counting'bar from the keys according to their numerical value, and a ratchet in said counting-bar, adapted to engage the said receiving-wheels at a predetermined point thereon, continuing the said enga ement until the counting-bar begins its return to its normal position, the said ratchet being incapable of engaging the said receiving-wheels, except at one initial or predetermined point.

34:. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit-keys and a cipher-key, of a movable carriage, receiving-wheels car ricd by said carriage, a spacing-bar for spac' ing the carriage, actuated by any of the keys, a lever-bar adapted for movement by the digit-keys, a counting member operated by said lever-bar which is adapted to turn the re ceiving-wheels, one at a time, as spaced and brought into position for operation, in correspondence with the number of figures in the row to be registered, and means for retaining Said carriage where spaced.

35. In a machine of the class described the combination with a movable carriage, and receiving-Wheels carried thereby, of means for registering on the said receiving-wheels, or so many of them as are necessary, the row of figures to be recorded, a movable totalizing carriage, a plurality of index and subtracting wheels thereon, the said totalizing-carriage being adapted for movement to and from the first-named carriage so that as many of the index, or subtracting wheels are meshed 'with and engage the receiving-wheels as there have been receiving-wheels brought into operation, and means for conveying to the said index or subtracting wheels so engaged the numbers corresponding to the keys depressed in setting the receiving-wheels.

36. In a machine of the class described, a totalizing-carriage carrying a plurality of index-wheels, a corresponding number of subtracting-wheels meshing therewith, 'a set of transfer-levers, one less in number than the index-wheels, projections on the transfer-levers, pins on the index-wheels to engage the projections on the transfer-levers when the indexwheel carrying the pin is in a predetermined position, pawls on the transfer-levers adapted v to engage the subtracting-wheel of the next higher denomination than that meshed with the index-Wheel carrying the pin engaging said lever through its projection, all of these transfer mechanisms operating in succession so mechanism for accumulating the several suc-- cessive recordations of said recording mechanism, and means for bringing about the operative conjunction of the recording and accumulating mechanisms.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH H. MARTIN.

Witnesses:

GEOKR. HAMLIN, WALTER R. STAPLES. 

